Share the published record, with its caveats

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Sources represented on this card

• 1990 Census Frequently Occurring Surnames (dist.all.last)U.S. Census Bureau. Sample-based file; it supplies frequency percent, cumulative frequency percent, and rank, but no national count.Read the methodology
• Documentation and Methodology for Frequently Occurring Names in the U.S. - 1990U.S. Census Bureau. Documents the 1990 Post-Enumeration Survey Search Area sample, editing, missingness, coverage, and limitations.
• Census 2000 Surname Table archiveU.S. Census Bureau. The archive also contains an XLSX rendering. The deterministic parser uses app_c.csv and preserves (S) as suppression, never zero.Read the methodology
• Demographic Aspects of Surnames from Census 2000U.S. Census Bureau. Documents the Census 2000 surname universe, the 100-occurrence publication threshold, editing, and cell suppression for values from 1 through 4.
• 2010 Census Surname Table archiveU.S. Census Bureau. The deterministic parser uses Names_2010Census.csv. The ALL OTHER NAMES aggregate is validated separately and excluded from surname entities.Read the methodology
• Frequently Occurring Surnames in the 2010 CensusU.S. Census Bureau. Documents 2010 edits, comparison limits, and the 162,253-name public table covering names with frequency at least 100.
• Frequently Occurring Last Names in the 2020 Census by Race and Hispanic OriginU.S. Census Bureau. Sheet1 has a title row, blank row, header row 3, 156,621 named rows, and one ALL OTHER NAMES aggregate. Total count and proportions are derived from noise-affected race and Hispanic-origin components.Read the methodology
• Last Name Data From the 2020 CensusU.S. Census Bureau. Documents the 2010-and-2020 cohort rule, noise infusion into race and Hispanic-origin counts, derived totals, optimization against negatives, and the possibility of published totals below 100.